Explaining Supreme Court Decisions - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1854 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/08/19 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: Supreme Court Essay Did you like this example? As the nations highest court, the Supreme Court makes decisions that affects the lives of everyday people and has major legal implications. The court addresses issues from abortion to free speech. It has the power to strike down laws passed by Congress or actions by the president it interprets to be unconstitutional. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Explaining Supreme Court Decisions" essay for you Create order In theory, the Supreme Court and its members are independent from the rest of the federal government and above politics since they are appointed to the court rather than elected. Several factors influence the decisions that members of the Supreme Court, these factors are precedent, public opinion, interest groups, and the Justices personal political ideologies. I believe that in terms of Madisonian democracy, the Supreme Court is an important and effective institution, despite the paradox it sometimes has in our democracy. When making decisions, the Supreme Court often takes the legal idea of stare decisis into consideration. Stare decisis refers to the Latin phrase let it stand. This refers to precedent. Precedent in a legal system is meant to help guide judges in future decisions they make should the issue or a case related to that issue come up before the court, or lower courts again. When a decision is handed down, Justices can refer to stare decisis as a reason for their decision. When Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992) came before the Supreme Court, Sandra Day OConnor in her majority decision reaffirmed the constitutional right to an abortion set in Roe v. Wade (1973). Roe set the precedent that the right to an abortion was guaranteed by the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Despite the Courts ruling reaffirming the right to an abortion, this precedent has been put aside before. The Supreme Court upheld the Partial-Birth Abortion Act of 2003 in the case of Gonzales v. Carhart (2007). In that case, then Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote in the majority opinion that that banning partial-birth abortion was not an undue burden on women who were seeking an abortion, and that Congress indeed had the power to ban partial-birth abortions. In her dissent, Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg claimed that the Court was ignoring precedent by placing a restriction on abortion, and not allowing a woman to make a decision for herself. In other cases, precedent in the Supreme Court has been outright ignored. The Supreme Court overturned previously established precedent made in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) in its decision of Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which regarded the idea of separate but equal expressed in Plessy as unconstitutional. Precedent was once again ignored in the case of Lawrence v. Texas (2003), which overturned the case of Bowers v. Hardwick (1986), which had upheld the constitutionality of anti-sodomy laws in the United States. The Supreme Court has taken the idea of precedent into its legal decisions, and at times, chosen to accept it or ignore it, as seen in these cases mentioned above. When the Supreme Court makes decisions, public opinion is taken into consideration. One may wonder why the Court would bother to do this, as the members of the Court are appointed for life, and the Justices do not have to answer to the American people why they rule in a particular way, unlike decisions made by Congress or the President of the United States. The Court takes public opinion into consideration because the decision would likely reflect the values of the American people. The Warren court is a prime example of this, as it made liberal decisions at a time when the American people were rather liberal in regards to matters such as race, as seen in Loving v. Virginia (1967), or free speech in Tinker v. Des Moines (1969). These examples require looking at the context of the time period these decisions were made in. Loving struck down bans on interracial marriage at a time when the Civil Rights movement was well underway by then. Tinker was handed down at a time when protesting t he Vietnam War was almost universal among the American people, who had grown frustrated with the deteriorating situation in Southeast Asia. Further examples could even include the infamous decision of Korematsu v. United States (1944), as a reflection of the mindset of the American public and anti-Japanese sentiment during World War II. Bringing us to the 21st century, the Supreme Court has made decisions that reflected public opinion, in overturning anti-sodomy laws in Lawrence v. Texas (2003), or striking down the Defense of Marriage Act of 1996 in United States v. Windsor (2013) and guaranteeing same sex couples the right to marry in Obergefell v. Hodges (2015), decisions that would have been seen as impossible to hand down in previous eras of American history and times when support for same sex marriage was not as high as they have been since the 2000s. These are examples of how public opinion can sway decisions made by the Supreme Court. Interest groups are known to try to persuade the Court in its decision-making. Whenever a case that concerns their particular interest comes before the Court, interest groups will already be there the moment the Court announces they will take up that case. One of the first steps interest groups take is filing an amicus curiae briefs, In District of Columbia v. Heller (2008), a case which considered whether or gun restrictions by the District of Columbia violate the Second Amendment, the National Rifle Association filed an amicus brief, as did the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence, interest groups with different priorities when it comes to guns. When a controversial issue such as abortion or voting rights come before the Court, interest groups like NARAL or National Right to Life, and the NAACP or ACLU all file amicus briefs. Apart from this, they attempt to mobilize their members in an effort to gather in demonstrations and put pressure on the court to rule in their favor. In recent years, interest groups have become more involved in the nomination process for federal judges. Interest groups have worked either to support or deny the confirmation of a judge nominated to the Supreme Court. This is seen in the case of the NAACP, ACLU both vigorously opposing the nomination of Robert Bork to the Supreme Court in 1987. In other cases, interest groups have played some sort of role in the selection of a particular judge. These interest groups want a judge whose ideology is closer to theirs. This is evident in the nominations of Neil Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court under the Trump administration. Gorsuch and Kavanaugh were pre selected from a list created by the Federalist Society, a Conservative legal group. This was the result of carefully collaborated attempts by the Republican party to pack the judicial system with Conservative leaning judges, an ongoing effort going back to the Nixon administration. All of this is how interest groups have tried to influence the decisions made by the Supreme Court. The final factor behind the decision making of the Supreme Court is none other than the Justices themselves. Their ideologies are one of the most common reasons behind the reasoning of a Justices decision in a case before the Court. Their ideology is one of the reasons why they are chosen when nominated to the Supreme Court by whoever the president is. For instance, Franklin Delano Roosevelt nominated liberals William O. Douglas and Hugo Black in order to support the New Deal, and Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, the late George H.W. Bush, and George W. Bush nominated conservatives such as the late William Rehnquist and Antonin Scalia, Clarence Thomas, and Samuel Alito, all of whom have been known for their judicial philosophy known as Originalism. Since Richard Nixon nominated Warren Burger to the position of Chief Justice in 1969, and up through the Rehnquist and Roberts courts, the Supreme Court has leaned strongly Conservative, this position considered to have been solidified with t he nomination and confirmation of Brett Kavanaugh in October of 2018. The Justices themselves are believed to try to stay on the Supreme Court as long as they can until a president of their particular political party can nominate a like minded successor. For instance, John Paul Stevens and Harry Blackmun, two of the most liberal justices to serve on the Court, chose to wait to retire under the Obama administration, despite already being 90 years old at the time. and Chief Justice Warren Burger retired in 1986 while President Reagan was in office and Republicans controlled the Senate, allowing a like minded successor to be confirmed on the Supreme Court. Thurgood Marshall, a liberal justice, was less than successful in securing a similar ideological successful as he had to retire due to poor health under the George H.W. Bush administration, being replaced by Clarence Thomas, known as one of the most conservative, and quiet justices on the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court plays a check and balance on both the executive and legislative branches, but is it democratic? The Supreme Court is considered to be the least democratic of the three branches. The fact that Justices are appointed, rather than elected is a clear factor that it can sound undemocratic, though this claim with refuted that the president who nominates this justice and the Senate which provides its advice and consent are both chosen by the American people. In our Madisonian democracy, much like the electoral college, the Supreme Court is meant to protect the minority from the tyranny of the majority. Even Justice John Marshall II advocated that the judiciary should not make policy from the bench, and leave that up to the President and Congress. The Supreme Court gave itself the power of judicial review in Marbury v. Madison (1803) in order to give itself independence from both the President and Congress, a move that would be considered undemocratic. An example of judicia l review was in the case of United States v. Nixon (1974), where the Supreme Court, including Justices who were nominated by President Nixon himself ruled against him in his claims that executive privilege allowed him to be above the law and turn over evidence in a criminal investigation. This landmark decision limited the Presidents powers, and the Court found that the Supreme Court had the final say in questions regarding to the Constitution, reaffirming its unique and important role in our democracy. The Founding Fathers themselves were clearly not worried about a powerful judiciary, noting that it can make decisions and strike down laws and acts by the president or Congress, but it cannot enforce those decisions, as seen with ending racial segregation in the South after Brown v. Board of Education (1954) was decided. An independent judiciary has been a hallmark of American democracy. The Court makes decisions that affects Americans of all walks of life. But in order for these decisions to happen, there are several ways which try to influence how these decisions are made. They are public opinion, interest groups, precedent, and the personal political ideologies of the Justices. Despite how undemocratic it might sound at times, the Court plays a crucial role in our Madisonian democracy, and must continue to do so in order to remain an effective body of the federal government.

Application Of A Module Declaration - 2283 Words

// ECE2072 Assignment 2014. // Written by Lindsay Kleeman, Monash University. // Complete the sections marked /***STUDENT TO COMPLETE***/ // Naming convention used: // Module names begin with capital and each word begins with capital. // Ports of a module declaration begin with i for input and o for output followed by Capital. // number bits labelled at end by xbit // standard port names are all CAPITALISED // Internal signals start with lowercase and base of name first followed by // D1 for delayed by one clock period (ie previous version), // _new for next and // number bits at end if not 1. Use _ as separator within name. module assign2014(CLOCK_50, KEY, SW, HEX0, HEX1, HEX2, HEX3, HEX4, HEX5, HEX6, HEX7,†¦show more content†¦// A time delay called the release time elapses before the start light is turned on again // and the whole process repeats. The release time is optionally displayed on oHEX7 to oHEX4 if iDisplayReleaseTime=1 // The release time is either random when iSelID=0 or based on the student ID sequence when iSelID=1. // The normal ID sequence skips a digit when iSkip=1. //********************************************************************************************************** module ReactionTimer(iClk, iAsyncReset, iAsychStop, iDisplayReleaseTime, iSkip, iSelID, oHEX0, oHEX1, oHEX2, oHEX3, oHEX4, oHEX5, oHEX6, oHEX7, oLED_GO); input iClk, iAsyncReset, iAsychStop, iDisplayReleaseTime, iSkip, iSelID; output [6:0] oHEX0, oHEX1, oHEX2, oHEX3, oHEX4, oHEX5, oHEX6, oHEX7; output [7:0] oLED_GO; //*********** Internal signals ..... defined and implemented below ... wire reset; // synchronised version of reset input from KEY[0] wire stop; // synchronised version of stop input from KEY[3] wire stopD1; //1 clock period delayed stop wire start; //goes high when start light turns on and defined below. wire CEmsec; //Clock Enable that is 1 for a single clock cycle every millisecond // driven by ReactionTimerDisplay instance wire [13:0] release_time_new14bit; //time in msec to count down to next start wire [13:0] release_time_random14bit; //next random release timeShow MoreRelatedPython Case Study732 Words   |  3 Pagesor a specialized GUI application, or a simple game. 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Visual Basic was derived from BASIC  and enables the  rapid application development (RAD)  of  graphical user interface (GUI)  applications, access to  databases  using  Data Access Objects,  Remote Data Objects, or  ActiveX Data Objects, and creation of ActiveX  controls and objects.  Scripting languages  such as  VBA  and  VBScript  are syntactically similar to Visual Basic, but perform differently. A programmer can put together an application using the  components  provided with Visual Basic itself. ProgramsRead MoreApplication Of A Project Report Essay1509 Words   |  7 PagesOF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY OPP. BHAGWAT VIDYAPITH, NEAR GOTA CROSS ROAD, AHMEDABAD-382481. 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Skewed Unemployment Rate Free Essays

string(122) " many factors involved with work hours and other limiting issues covered within this article which supported my research\." Define the Problem: The real national unemployment rate is higher than the U. S. Department of Labor’s December figure shows. We will write a custom essay sample on Skewed Unemployment Rate or any similar topic only for you Order Now When the underemployed and discouraged are added to the unemployment numbers, the national unemployed rate rises to 16. 6%. This causes morale to be low and Americans seem to be giving up. Variables Identified by Order of Influence: 1. The government no longer counts people as unemployed when they stop looking for work. The unemployment numbers don’t account for part-time workers or people seeking advanced degrees to improve their chances of landing a higher paying job. 2. More jobs were reported created than were really actually reported. Problem Statement: Unemployment fell by almost half a percentage point in December, dropping the national unemployment rate to 9. 4%, according to figures released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics on Friday, January 7, 2011. Unemployment has been high but relatively stable throughout 2010, ranging from 9. 5 to 9. 9%. December’s figure of 9. 4% is the lowest unemployment rate for all of 2010. The official unemployment index, based on a monthly survey of sample households, counts only people who reported looking for work in the past four weeks. The national unemployment rate wrapped up 2010 by significantly dropping to 9. 4 percent in December, the lowest level in 19 months despite a constant 9 percent unemployment rate for 20 months in a row, a new post-World War II record. There are two main reasons for the skewed unemployment numbers. The first key reason for the drop was that the government no longer counts people as unemployed when they stop looking for work. It doesn’t account for part-time workers who want to work more hours but can’t, given the tight job market. And it doesn’t include those who have given up trying to find work. The second reason is that more jobs were reported that were grossed. Meaning jobs were posted but never existed and thus lowered the actual job openings lowering the unemployment rate. It’s bad enough that the nation’s jobless rate is 9. 4%. But the real national employment rate is even higher than the U. S. Department of Labor’s December figure shows. The truth is that even the broader measure of unemployment doesn’t fully capture how difficult the job market is for U. S. workers. It doesn’t include self-employed workers whose incomes have shriveled. It doesn’t look at former full-time employees who have accepted short-term contracts, without benefits, and at a fraction of their former salaries. And it doesn’t count the many would-be workers who are going back to school, taking on more debt, in hopes that advanced degrees will improve their chances of landing jobs. The purpose of this report is to discover and offer a solution; if for no other reason, to provide a better education on how the U. S. Department of Labor manipulates the actual employment rate. Definition of Terms BLS- Bureau of Labor Statistics Corporate Outsourcing- Creation of jobs overseas by American businesses. Literature Review Many researchers have studied statistics of unemployment, available jobs, and causes related to the influx of unemployment in recent years. The following resources were very interesting and useful for my research. (IStockAnaylais. com, New Haven Register) This source discusses the issues regarding job growth over the last 2 years. Wall Street views this report as that the job expectations fell short of everyone’s expectations and the unemployment rate was likely skewed by seasonal factors. Public jobs grew at a steady rate but the government slashed many jobs due to congressional mandates set at an earlier time period. Work hours were also mentioned throughout my research of this article. Shorter work weeks having many worthy job seekers and economists scared and with the decline work hours many are starting to stay in panic mode. This article touched many key points regarding the number unemployed as well as the averages associated with the overall hours worked in a normal work week. (Newsday. om) Provide me with handy research data. I found this article to be instrumental for my research. This article covered the overall drop in the unemployment rate and it’s significant in ones respect because a falling unemployment rate during the job market recovery has often just reflected a rise in the number of discouraged workers – those unemployed people who have given up looking for a job and thus aren’t included in the unemployment rate. Economist cauti oned not to expect too much too fast and to stay upbeat. The article also mentioned the difference between the recessions, stating this period was different because of the low amount of work hours involved. According to the article many Americans were involuntary forced to work part-time and counted as employed. Factor in these involuntarily underemployed workers plus the burgeoning number of discouraged job seekers, and California’s real unemployment rate is 20%. Many people have been unemployed for lengthy periods of time and have giving up all hope. These people were also not reported in the overall national unemployment rate. EmployeeIssues. com) reported the unemployment rate does not include workers who are involuntarily working only part time and with fewer benefits, if any, such as no health, disability or life insurance, because they can’t find full-time jobs or their work hours were cut. The article went into detail regarding how much the average part-times wages were and how people were unable to maintain adequate healthcare coverage for their immediate families. The article went on to say the unemployment rate also does not include â€Å"marginally-attached† unemployed workers. The BLS does not count them in the official rate because they stopped looking for work, for reasons such as school attendance, family matters or their collective perception that there simply are no jobs. With the average person collecting unemployment for 26 weeks the article countered that by giving numbers more in the 33 week range for collecting benefits. There were many factors involved with work hours and other limiting issues covered within this article which supported my research. You read "Skewed Unemployment Rate" in category "Papers" (Examineer. com) contained valuable information vital to my research. Some major issues were discussed within this article to include one final example of the disconnect between government reporting and the reality of the situation comes in the world of Unemployment Insurance. In many states across the union, unemployment benefits have been extended to unprecedented lengths. In Michigan, one could maintain their benefits for more than two years depending upon their circumstance. However, normal unemployment benefits are granted in intervals of 26 weeks for those who held the same position for one year. Here is the denominator to this equation. Anyone who has been collecting unemployment benefits for more than 26 weeks will not be counted among the unemployed. Thus, those who are still receiving state benefits in their 27th week are considered ‘out of the labor force’ or ’employed’. Summary The issue that comes to the forefront of the debate on the reality of unemployment in the United States is that of honesty in government disclosures, the ability to skew statistics to create false optimism among the populace and the overall contradiction of cumulative job losses against a declining rate of unemployment. To understand this fully, one must understand how the government classifies citizens in their surveying as well as the political implications associated with this monthly report. There are millions of people out there without jobs, who have exhausted their benefits, who are simply not being counted. The above resources will help me determine the actual cause and how it will impact the struggling economy’s advancement towards a manageable workforce and improved lifestyle. Report the Findings Many researchers have studied statistics of unemployment, available jobs, and causes related to the influx of unemployment in the recent years. The following resources were very interesting and useful for my research. The Labor Department’s statistics don’t include the underemployed and those who have stopped looking for work. This alternative measure creates a much higher number. The federal government uses metric analysis to determine unemployment numbers each month, and sometimes per week. However, those metrics are skewed by political anomalies put in to try to make the numbers fit the agenda. For example, the nefarious birth/death rate assumptions which have no true basis for statistics, but in reality keep the numbers low to form a more positive or less negative outlook on unemployment. According to (Newsday. com) the overall drop in the unemployment rate was significant in one respect because a falling unemployment rate during the job market recovery has often just reflected a rise in the number of discouraged workers – those unemployed people who have given up looking for a job and thus aren’t included in the unemployment rate. But this was not the case so much in December 2010. We’re on a growth path,† said Ken Goldstein, economist for The Conference Board, a Manhattan business research group. But he cautioned not to expect too much, too fast. â€Å"It has gone up a lot because a lot of people have been put on short hours,† said economist Gary Burtless, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, a nonprofit public policy organizati on. â€Å"And there are a lot of discouraged workers. † Shortened work hours are, in fact, one of the ways this recession is different from the ones in the early 1980s and early 1990s, Burtless said. Another difference is the huge number of people who have been permanently laid off. â€Å"Some people have lost their income altogether, and others have seen a drop in hours even if they remain employed,† Burtless said. â€Å"It was a double whammy for labor income. † The two trends are especially apparent in California, where the official unemployment rate is 12. 6%. Severe layoffs in early 2009 wiped out 100,000 jobs a month, according to Michael S. Bernick, a research fellow at the Milken Institute and a former head of California’s labor department. The number of people working less than 35 hours a week has exploded. The recession has left 1. 5 million Californians involuntarily working part time, though they are classified as employed. Factor in these involuntarily underemployed workers plus the burgeoning number of discouraged job seekers, and California’s real unemployment rate is 20%. Another difference in this recession — and a likely reason for the high number of discouraged job seekers — is the number of people who have been unemployed for more than 27 weeks. The Wall Street Journal) reports that 7 million Americans have been looking for work for 27 weeks or more, and the majority of them — 4. 7 million — have been out of work for a year or more. California, the number out of work more than 27 weeks is almost 900,000, more than the population of San Francisco. â€Å"That largely reflects how more severe this recession has been than of 1982 and of the 1990s,† said Bernick, who has worked in the job-training field since the late 1970s. Now, although severe layoffs are no longer occurring, hiring has not picked up significantly, the labor market is still very, very slow,† Bernick said. â€Å"Each job (opening) brings tens, usually hundreds, of applicants. † According to (EmployeeIssues. com) â€Å"The unemployment rate does not include workers who are involuntarily working only part time and with fewer benefits, if any, such as no health, disability or life insurance, because they can’t find full-time jobs or their work hours were cut. Counting part-timers and full-timers, the average workweek in December was unchanged from November at 4. 3 hours. Average hourly earnings increased by 3 cents to $22. 78. † The unemployment rate also does not include â€Å"marginally-attached† unemployed workers. The BLS does not count them in the official rate because they stopped looking for work, for reasons such as school attendance, family m atters or their collective perception that there simply are no jobs. The number of involuntarily part-timers was around 8. 9 million in December, down from about 9. 1 a year earlier. The number of marginally-attached unemployed workers was a little over 2. 6 million, up from about 2. million in December 2009. Among the marginally-attached, about 1. 3 million were so-called â€Å"discouraged workers† who gave up looking for work due to their shared perception that there are no jobs, about the same as in November but up by about 389,000 from a year ago. The BLS counted a total of about 14. 5 million workers as unemployed in December, down by 556,000 from November and thus, why the unemployment rate dropped from 9. 8 to 9. 4 percent. The average period of unemployment was 34. 2 weeks, up from 33. 9 in November and 29. 3 a year ago. The number of long-term unemployed workers, those who have been unemployed for 27 weeks or longer, increased from about 6. 3 to 6. 4 million in December, accounting for 44. 3 percent of the unemployed workers that the BLS counted as such. State unemployment benefits typically last only 26 weeks without state or federal extensions. The job growth, while encouraging, did not match economists’ expectation that the nation would have added 150,000 to 200,000 jobs last month. Hopes were high, especially after payroll and staffing firm ADP reported earlier this week the economy added 279,000 last month. We underperformed a bit on the job front,† Donald Klepper-Smith, chief economist at Data Core Partners in New Haven, said of the government report. Job figures and the unemployment rate come from surveys of businesses and households. â€Å"The numbers which carry more weight are the job numbers, by far,† Klepper-Smith said. â€Å"It’s all about jobs, jobs, jobs. à ¢â‚¬  The unemployment rate, meanwhile, likely was skewed by seasonal factors in December, he said, since â€Å"there is no good justification fundamentally for a four-tenths-of-a-point decline. According to the (Examiner. com) one final example of the disconnect between government reporting and the reality of the situation comes in the world of Unemployment Insurance. In many states across the union, unemployment benefits have been extended to unprecedented lengths. In Michigan, one could maintain their benefits for more than two years depending upon their circumstance. However, normal unemployment benefits are granted in intervals of 26 weeks for those who held the same position for one year. Here is the denominator to this equation. Anyone who has been collecting unemployment benefits for more than 26 weeks will not be counted among the unemployed. Thus, those who are still receiving state benefits in their 27th week are considered ‘out of the labor force’ or ’employed’. Explanation of Findings What these findings paint is an unrealistic picture, continuing claims and the jobless rate help provide a snapshot of the overall condition of employment. While the jobless rate can, over time, somewhat track the more prominent unemployment rate found in the monthly labor report produced by the BLS, it has its flaws. The Labor Department provides the following explanation: â€Å"Some people are still jobless when their benefits run out, and many more are not eligible at all or delay or never apply for benefits. So, quite clearly, UI information cannot be used as a source for complete information on the number of unemployed. † That is, they’re not counted as unemployed, but likely would be in the BLS report. Therefore, fluctuations in the jobless rate might not necessarily be reflective of what the trend in the unemployment rate will look like in the monthly labor report. Initial claims data are used to detect emerging employment trends. Outsized gains garner attention because they suggest looming employment weakness, which could spread to the rest of the economy. Outsized decreases imply impending employment strength. This data series is volatile. Extreme weather conditions create commensurate extremes in the data. This can happen for two reasons: either weather conditions prevented people from filing, or it temporarily or permanently put them out of work. Seasonal adjustments sometimes do an inadequate job of capturing seasonal changes. It can take several weeks for the data to be considered representative of what’s really going on in the economy. The unemployment rate is calculated as (# of unemployed people)/ (# of unemployed + # of employed people) as calculated by the surveys run by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (assuming you’re in the US, most developed countries have similar statistical bureaus that run similar surveys). I haven’t checked what the BLS definition is, but in Australia unemployed means that you were actively seeking work or were waiting to start work – the idea being that this excludes people who are unable to work, or retired, or otherwise wouldn’t get jobs even if there were jobs to get. In that sense, the unemployment rate has nothing to do with how many jobs there are out there to lose. However, the movement in the unemployment rate could certainly reduce not because the economy is improving but because it can’t get any worse. Also, there’s some argument over the definition of â€Å"employed†, since international convention allows for anyone who worked at least one hour to count as employed, meaning that people with part-time or casual jobs with very few hours would be able to work more hours if they were available may be â€Å"underemployed† (which is not measured in the unemployment rate). Recommendation for Change There are millions of people out there without jobs, who have exhausted their benefits, who are simply not being counted so the government can look like heroes. I suggest all people who have exhausted benefits write their congressman so they can be counted. If the people don’t speak up, then nothing will be done. Nothing is getting better. There are no jobs (unless you are in the health care field), and the economy still stinks. A simple solution would be for the state to continue having people who are unemployed to claim weeks online even after benefits are exhausted. This would require a simple upgrade to the state’s already-existing database, to include ineligible claimants as well. If all states did the same, a true jobless figure could be attained, and the seriousness of the problem would be brought to light. Corporate outsourcings of American jobs are what have hurt our country’s financial infrastructure, nothing else. If we don’t stop them now, it may not be our country anymore in the future. The people need to wake up and start writing. Don’t believe the drivel they feed us every day! How to cite Skewed Unemployment Rate, Papers

Cultivating Social Resources on Social Network †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Cultivating Social Resources on Social Network. Answer: Introduction: The overall learning experience was excellent, and it has helped me to develop insight into the concept of social networking in businesses. In the modern era, the competition among businesses in almost every industry has become so intense that companies have started facing issues regarding attracting customers(Chu Du 2013). Furthermore, organizations are also facing challenges regarding attracting the desired volume of sales and profits(Tiago Verssimo 2014). However, it can be critically argued that the development of social networking sites have provided a potential platform to businesses for increasing their sales and profitability. I believe that the learning experience has helped me to understand the significance of social networking in todays competitive era. Furthermore, I have also acquired knowledge about the significant drawbacks associated with the use of social networking. The value of this experience is that it will help me in getting better professional growth opportunities in the future. The use social networking will also support me to generate referrals. It can be expressed that referrals generated through social networking are considered as of high quality and more potential. Explaining the usefulness of learning process The learning experience is useful regarding general life, future career, program, and course. For example, the learning experience has helped me in obtaining good grades in my course. In addition to this, the learning experience has also supported me to complete my entire study program in the best possible manner. The main benefit of this learning is that it has provided me both theoretical as well as practical knowledge about the overall concept of social networking. The learning experience is also useful regarding general life and future career. For example, I will be able to develop better and more productive contacts within the society with the help of this learning experience. Now I am aware of the things which need to be considered and strategies to be used while carrying out social networking. I will be able to gain a respectful place in the society as the practical application of this learning experience will encourage me to help and support others. Concerning future career, it can be expressed that the learning experience will not only provide me with better job opportunities, but it will also help me to get some business opportunities. The chance of getting business opportunities such as partnership, lead generation, joint ventures, increases with the use of social networking. I will be able to enhance the future opportunities of growth and development by using this learning experience in professional life. The main and most significant advantage of social networking is that it helps individuals to exchange new and fresh ideas. The learning experience will allow me to stay updated with regards to changes in my profession and society. The use of social networking will also support individuals to acquire a wealth of knowledge through communicating and interacting with industry experts and professionals(Hohenthal, Johanson Johanson 2014). I will transfer or apply my knowledge and insight in my professions, and I am looking forward to work in the field of marketing. All the learning and knowledge which I have gained through the course will be applied during my activities and operations. Furthermore, I will use of spare time on carrying out social networking. Describe objectively what happened in the learning process I have attended sessions and workshops to gain insight into the overall concept of social networking. I have also got the opportunity to remove my doubts and concern linked with topic during classroom sessions. Apart from this, I have also gained knowledge about social networking by reading newspapers and different industry. The reading habit has helped me learn some practical aspects of social networking. For example, I am now aware of the fact that for professions such as banking, operations, supply chain and marketing, social networking is essential. Furthermore, individuals in the mentioned above professions can face issues regarding getting better growth opportunities due to the negligence of social networking(Rennie Morrison 2013). I have also carried out closed observation of professional using the social networking and the benefits which they are getting from the same. The use of social networking helps in developing strong contacts in the marketplace and thus, assists in the carrying out the smooth flow of all operations and activities(Ellison, Gibbs Weber 2015). I have also watched the videos of industry experts, professionals and have listened to their views and opinions. The leaders and experts explained the disadvantages and advantages associated with the use of social networking in business. On the other side of this, the experts also presented their views regarding the importance of social networking in the modern era. All these things have helped me to develop insight into the concept and how to carry out the practical application of the same. Evaluate what you learn The business research has delivered me with a quality learning experience in both theoretical and practical aspects. The use of social networking channels provides individuals to carry out effective communication with all internal and external stakeholders. In addition to this, I have learned that nowadays the need and demand for social networking among industry professionals is growing at an excellent pace. The advantage of using social networking is that it allows businesses to get access to clients and customers which used to be unavailable or unaffordable at one time(Fox Moreland 2015). However, it can be critically argued that effective management of social networking tools is essential to achieve desired outcomes(Fulk Yuan 2013). The business research was useful in my learning experience as it has helped me to understand the fact that a person increases his/her visibility in the market by using social networking. Nowadays, many individuals and professionals neglect the significance of visibility and standing apart from the competition(Scott 2017). Such kind of negligence directly results in creating obstacles in long-term growth and sustainability of individuals(Leonardi, Huysman Steinfield 2013). I have learned that the use of social networking is essential as there are various benefits associated with the same. I can be evaluated that the learning which I have gained from business research is constructive and will contribute a lot to my professional growth and development in the future. Explain your learning process During the beginning of learning process, I was a bit nervous, and at the same time, I was excited. The reason behind my nervousness was that the topic was entirely new for me and I was not even of the basics. However, I was excited because I knew that I would be able to develop new contacts and knowledge which will help in my future development. The entire program has helped me to establish new connections with the industry experts and my colleagues. I have also acquired knowledge about the current trends in the society. The hypothesis of research was to understand the overall concept and applicability of social networking. Another hypothesis was to identify the advantages and disadvantages associated with the use of social networking. The reason behind doing assignment one and two were to examine and evaluate the overall knowledge which I have gained through the course and program. I have also developed insights about the overall concept of social networking in businesses. For example, the use of social networking can help in creating new doors for growth and opportunities. On the other side of this, it can be critically argued that the use of social networking results in decreasing the face to face communication skills of an individual. At the same time, the concept lacks emotional connect within individuals, and this is another drawback associated with the use of social networking in business. Explain Plan how this learning you will apply The research subject is relevant and very useful in todays competitive era as there are various benefits associated with the same. The concept of social networking is getting more and more important because it offers the opportunity to meet new people and develop better connections in society and industry(Ellison et al. 2014). The research subject is also useful because people are not required to acquire new skills to make use of social networking sites. These sites are user-friendly and thus, can help individuals to develop potential connections. On the other side of this, professional social networking supports businesses to enhance their online presence and visibility(Luo Zhong 2015). Nowadays, many big brands are using social networking sites to carry out recruitment of personnels for the vacant positions in the workplace. Thus, people can get better and potential access to the job market by making use of social networking(De-Marcos et al. 2014). The research subject was also relevant to my course, and it has allowed me to get better grades in my course program. The overall effectiveness and credibility of the course have enhanced because of this research subject. In future, I will be using the entire knowledge and learning in my profession. For example, I will make use of social networking sites to stay upgraded about the industry trends and develop new connections in the industry. I will be actively involved in those social networking sites to gain the best out of these sites. References Chu, SKW Du, HS 2013, 'Social networking tools for academic libraries ', Journal of librarianship and information science, vol 45, no. 1, pp. 64-75. De-Marcos, L, Domnguez, A, Saenz-de-Navarrete, J Pags, C 2014, 'An empirical study comparing gamification and social networking on e-learning.', Computers Education, vol 75, no. 3, pp. 82-91. Ellison, NB, Gibbs, JL Weber, MS 2015, 'The use of enterprise social network sites for knowledge sharing in distributed organizations: The role of organizational affordances. ', American Behavioral Scientist , vol 59, no. 1, pp. 103-123. Ellison, NB, Vitak, J, Gray, R Lampe, C 2014, 'Cultivating social resources on social network sites: Facebook relationship maintenance behaviors and their role in social capital processes', Journal of Computer?Mediated Communication , vol 19, no. 4, pp. 855-8. Fox, J Moreland, JJ 2015, 'The dark side of social networking sites: An exploration of the relational and psychological stressors associated with Facebook use and affordances. ', Computers in Human Behavior , vol 45, no. 1, pp. 168-176. Fulk, J Yuan, YC 2013, ' Location, motivation, and social capitalization via enterprise social networking', Journal of Computer?Mediated Communication , vol 19, no. 1, pp. 20-37. Hohenthal, J, Johanson, J Johanson, M 2014, 'Network knowledge and business-relationship value in the foreign market', International Business Review, vol 23, no. 1, pp. 4-19. Leonardi, PM, Huysman, M Steinfield, C 2013, 'Enterprise social media: Definition, history, and prospects for the study of social technologies in organizations.', Journal of Computer?Mediated Communication, vol 19, no. 1, pp. 1-19. Luo, Q Zhong, D 2015, ' Using social network analysis to explain communication characteristics of travel-related electronic word-of-mouth on social networking sites ', Tourism Management , vol 46, no. 3, pp. 274-282. Rennie, F Morrison, T 2013, E-learning and social networking handbook: Resources for higher education, Routledge, Abingdon-on-Thames. Scott, J 2017, Social network analysis. , Sage, California. Tiago, MTPMB Verssimo, JMC 2014, 'Digital marketing and social media: Why bother? ', Business Horizons , vol 57, no. 6, pp. 703-708.